1-Introduction
The book " The best fighter of all time " lists the greatest champions combat sports (or martial arts) with the greatest circulation in the world, from antiquity to the present. But this study focuses almost exclusively to combat sports unarmed. However, some subjects with martial weapons have also acquired a sporting dimension to compare champions through the ages.
can be categorized sports and martial arts with weapons as follows:
- disciplines where the address has become the standard of comparison (target shooting, archery ...)
- the disciplines where it is the choreography, that is ie the artistic dimension, which will be denoted by (variants of wushu ...)
- and the disciplines in which the opposition is maintained dual (fencing, kendo stick fighting ...).
2 - References feudal
Before detailing the modern sports and its greatest champions, a word about the two most illustrious predecessors with modern weapon fighters: Musashi Miyamoto for the Far East and William the Marshal for the West.
Miyamoto Musashi (宫本 武 蔵, Miyamoto Musashi?), His first name Takezo Shimmen (Miyamoto is the name of his village of birth and Musashi, another way of reading the ideographic writing Takezo) (1584-19 May 1645) is one of the emblematic figures of Japan and most famous swordsman of the country's history.
He fought a duel and killed for the first time in 13 years (cons Arima Kihei in 1596). Aged 17, he participated in the Battle of Sekigahara (1600) which saw the victory of the army of Tokugawa Ieyasu following the death of Hideyoshi Toyotomi. Committed the losing side, he was left for dead on the battlefield. He survived his wounds with some Oko, Akemi and her daughter, who flew the bodies to survive and lived not far from the battlefield. Until the age of 29, he participated in sixty duels, most with a wooden sword (bokken), while his opponents had real swords (katana). He challenged and destroyed by itself the entire school Yoshiyoka fencing, fighting against 60 fighters. There he practiced for the first time without realizing it, his technique so famous of the two swords, which he developed later. His last duel (most famous) was held April 13, 1612 against the larger one fencer in Japan, Sasaki Kojiro, he conquered the island of Fuma through a long bokken carved into a paddle boat that the had brought. He then entered the service of the Hosokawa family, faithful family related to that of the shogun. He stopped then duels, and was then in command of an army of Lord Ogasawara and participated in the siege of the castle of Hara in 1638, during the revolt of Christians led by Shiro Amakusa. At the age of 59 (1643) he went to Mount Iwato, near Kumamoto, where he settled in the cave-do Reigan ("Cave Rock Spirit"). He arranged a coffee table, and 10 of the tenth month began writing Gorin no Sho.
He is the author of a book of strategy, the Gorin no Sho [1], written at the age of 60 years, translated into French by the Book of Five Rings or treaty of the five wheels. Towards the end of his life, he meditated and did some soul searching about his past and his experience, he inferred that the principles he had used in his martial art (dual) could also be implemented not only in strategy military (battle ground) but also in all areas. The "five rings" or "five rings" refer the five stages of Buddhist monuments (gorintō) that represent the five elements of Japanese tradition.
Source: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musashi_Miyamoto
William Marshall (William Marshall English) (circa 1145 to 1219, Caversham), 1 Earl of Pembroke, is an English knight and a famous tournoyor. It is called "the best knight in the world."
Knight Anglo-Norman, the son born in England of John the Marshal and Sibyl of Salisbury, his second wife. The nickname Marshal goes back to his grandfather Gilbert Marshal, Marshal of the court of King Henry I Beauclerc, family burden inherited.
He is responsible for the education of King Henry the Younger († 1183). In 1173-1174, he follows in the revolt of the latter against his father Henry II of England. For several years he led a band of knights gathered around the young king from tournament to tournament in northern France today. At his death, he escorted his body to Rouen where he will be buried in the cathedral of Notre Dame. Then he spent two years on a crusade. He then joined the Order of the Temple, in a commitment became reality when he died. He's back in 1187, shortly before the defeat at Hattin.
King Henry II then takes into his service. It grants him the fief of Cartmel in Lancashire. It is one of the last followers of the old king in the struggle against the latter's son, foremost among which the young Richard the Lion Heart.
Regent of England, he fights May 20, 1217 French troops at the Battle of Lincoln during which he kills the Count Thomas du Perche. It is then aged over 70 years. The grand knight
died May 14, 1219, his wife Isabella died a year later. On his deathbed, he could still pride themselves on having caught more than 500 knights in various tournaments he took part.
is by learning the news of his death that his enemy, King Philip Augustus of France, asked the knights of his court a toast in memory of his most formidable opponent, William des Barres which recognized the "Best knight in the world. "
Source: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_le_Mar% C3% A9chal
3 - Sports and martial arts with modern weapons
the agenda of the modern Olympics, we found several disciplines using bladed weapons, throwing weapons or firearms.
Fencing comes in:
- Foil
since 1896 - since 1896
sword - sword and since 1900
Source: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escrime_aux_Jeux_olympiques
The archery.
Only recurve bow is played at the Olympic Games.
total of no fewer than 23 different events were offered from 1900 to 1920, from June to October simultaneously in the editions. Today (since publishing the 1992 Olympics), only 4 events are:
- Olympic Tournament Men
- Olympic Tournament, Women
- Tournament Team Olympic Men
- Olympic Tournament Team, Women This sport
address perhaps more akin to a sports version of the game as combat.
Source: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tir_% C3% A0_l% 27arc_aux_Jeux_olympiques
the shooting.
This sport comes at the Olympics in 9 events:
- 10m air pistol
- 10m air rifle
- 25 m Rapid Fire Pistol
- 50 m Pistol
- 50 m Rifle
- three Rifle positions 50 m
- Double Trap
-
Skeet - Trap
Same as for archery: the sport of address may be more akin to a sports version of the hunting than combat.
Source: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tir_aux_Jeux_olympiques
Among Olympic sports with a weapon, we can also mention modern pentathlon includes shooting events at the pistol and fencing (in addition to running cross country, swimming and horse riding), a sort of combined tests to determine the leading modern soldier. The sport was created by Pierre de Coubertin himself, who was a practitioner emeritus of shooting.
Source: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentathlon_moderne_aux_Jeux_olympiques
And Biathlon, Olympic Winter Games, which combines skiing and shooting sports (rifle more precisely).
Source: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biathlon
Some sports had the honor of being showcased in the Olympics. Among these, mention should be made:
- cane fighting (the Olympics of 1924); see: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canne_de_combat
- the budo (Olympics in 1964) which come in judo, aikido, kendo and karatedo; see To: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budo
- and wushu (the Olympics of 2008); see : http://fr. wikipedia.org / wiki / Wushu_ (sport )
that have one or more disciplines with martial weapon.
For all demonstration sports at the Olympic Games from 1896 to 2008: see: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_olympiques # Sports_de_d.C3.A9monstration
Some of these disciplines with weapons, have had a dedication by becoming sports official World Games (created in 1981) or, more recently, Fighting Games SportAccord (first edition 2010).
Kendo Team competitions and individual competitions of the 1st "Fighting Games SportAccord 2010" were dominated by Japan, which wins all the titles. Individually, Japan Kazuo Furukawa needed against a compatriot in the use of bamboo sword.
Wushu
Three styles to reflect different practices in China were presented in competition at the Games of Combat SportAccord 2010. The
nanquan / Nangún , traditional style of the south, which includes the "boxing the South", the "south pole" or the "sword of the South", was won by Iranian Farshad Arabi.
In daoshu / gunshu ("dao shu" constituting the practice of the sword. Qiang shu practice of spear and "shu gun" techniques to bat), the Chinese Xu Yong Lv which showed the most technical.
Finally, taijiquan / taijijian , "spear", "sword", "double sword", "sword" ... victory for the Chinese Ying Huang Qi.
These disciplines are practiced as a technical demonstration, choreographed, handling of weapons. This is not a battle but a battle sequence noted.
4 - the most successful Champions
Fencing - Foil
-
sword - sword
Archery
The archer with the most medals at the Olympics is the Belgian Hubert van Innis with 6 gold medals (and 3 silvers).
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubert_Van_Innis
Shooting
No less than five shooters have won 5 gold medals at the Olympics:
- Carl Townsend Osburn (United States) in the editions 1912, 1920 and 1924
- Willis Augustus Jun Lee (USA) in 1920
- Ole Andreas Lillo-Olsen (Norway) in 1920 and 1924
- Alfred P. Lane (USA) in 1912 and 1920
- Fisher and Morris (USA) in 1920 and 1924
The first city is disingue others by its greater durability and a total of 11 medals (gold, silver and bronze combined).
http://www.issf-sports.org/results/historicalmedalwinners.ashx
Modern Pentathlon
Biathlon
fighting shaft
Kendo
Wushu - nanquan / Nangún
- daoshu / gunshu
- taijiquan / taijijian
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